Prostatitis is an inflammatory disease of the male prostate gland, which is located directly under the bladder and is a secondary part of the genitals.
All 7 men over 35 years suffer from prostatitis, and with every bare risk of developing an inflammatory process in the prostate under the influence of external and internal factors.
Reasons
Inflammation of the prostate can develop for various reasons, the doctors differ from them:
- Violation of blood microcirculation in the pelvic organs - this leads to stagnant processes and helps to increase the size of the prostate. The stagnant processes are made easier by obstacle and behavior of a seated lifestyle.
- The occurrence of bacteria, viruses or protozoa in the tissue against the background of acute or chronic inflammatory process in other organs flowing in the body - such diseases such as angina, gonorrhea, urethritis, cystitis, flu, pyelonephritis can provoke prostatitis. With a blood flow and a lymph, the causative means of infection can get into the prostate if there is an infection in remote areas and organs.
- The injuries and bruises of the soft tissues of the abdomen, the perineum and the external genitals - this leads to edema and an impaired bloodstream in the damage zone;
- Settlement of the body.
- Chronic constipation.
- Hormonal disorders.
- The absent sex life is stormy or vice versa, both frequent sex (more than 1 time per day) as well as rare intimate relationships (rarely 1 time per week), as this leads to an exhaustion of gender glands or stagnation in the prostate.
Symptoms of prostatitis
Distinguish between the acute and the chronic form of the disease.
Acute prostatitis is characterized by a sudden start against the background of the general well, which is clinically accompanied by the following symptoms:
- Schüttelfrost and weakness;
- general malaise;
- increased irritability and nervousness;
- Increased body temperature (not higher than 37, 5 degrees);
- Pull or cut pain in the lower abdomen and the perineum;
- To urinate more frequently and at the same time maintain the feeling of incomplete emptying of the bladder;
- The pain and difficulties of the river with intestinal movements.
In the absence of diagnosis and timely treatment, acute prostatitis can make a purulent process and the release of pus from the urethra while urinating.
Signs of chronic prostatitis
When the disease is transferred to a chronic form of the course, the clinical signs of prostatitis seem to be released, and the patient seems to be a recovery. The characteristic features of the chronic inflammatory process in the prostate gland burn with radiation of the step along the urethra, which can be improved during urination and defecation. The disease gradually runs and causes impotence. Chronic prostatitis implies remission and deterioration periods, but even in moments of worsening, the symptoms are deleted and not as pronounced as in acute form. The following symptoms appear clinical:
- Difficulties with an erection;
- the inability to complete sexual intercourse with ejaculation;
- Acceptance of the sex drive;
- Elimination from the urethral mucus with an admixture of white flakes;
- A feeling of incomplete emptying of the bladder;
- Pain in the lower back, in the pubis and in the groin area;
- A weak urine current - this is observed as a result of the narrowing of the lumen of the urethra against the background of its compression of an enlarged prostate.
The chronic sluggish inflammatory process in the urethra irritates the nerve endings of the pelvis and provokes, especially at night. It is embarrassed to see a doctor with such a sensitive problem, which increases the risk of developing serious complications such as complete erectile dysfunction, infertility and even prostate cancer.
In addition, pathogens from the focus of a chronic infection in a prostate with blood flow and lymphs come into the kidneys, causing acute inflammation, urination and the risk of kidney failure is increased.
The constant accumulation of urine in the bladder and the urethra creates favorable conditions for the formation of salt crystals and then stones - very often prostatitis in men goes parallel to urolithiasis.
Diagnostic methods
The diagnosis, treatment and prevention of prostatitis is carried out by a doctor urologist. To make a diagnosis, determine the form and cause of the inflammatory process in the prostate gland, a number of examinations are prescribed:
- Palpation of the prostate - is carried out by the rectum and enables you to identify the size, pain, release of pus or mucus after palpation.
- Small discharge from the urethra - the resulting material is sent to the laboratory for examination.
- Urine analysis is generally etc. ;
- Ultrasound of the pelvic organs and the prostate.
If the pathological process is suspected that the pathological process is expanded to the patient, the patient is also carried out by cystoscopy examination of the walls of the bladder using a flexible device at the end.
When diagnosing prostatitis, it is very important to distinguish the pathological process from the adenoma of the prostate and other urological diseases with a similar clinical course.
Treatment
Treatment of the acute and chronic form of prostatitis differs in such a way that the patients are urgently recommended not to medication themselves.
The acute non -bacterial form of prostatitis is extensively treated using herbal preparations and anti -inflammatory drugs.
Treatment of acute bacterial prostatitis
The therapy principles for the acute form of bacterial prostatitis depend directly on how pronounced the symptoms of the disease are.
A characteristic characteristic of bacterial prostatitis is the acute beginning and rapidly increasing signs of poisoning the body - nausea, vomiting, headache, high body temperature. The process of emptying the bladder is accompanied by cutting pain in the lower abdomen and the perineum that are given on the lower back. The purulent process very often connects and the abscess develops.
Acute bacterial prostatitis is treated in a hospital because the patient's condition can be extremely serious. The therapy consists of the complex approach:
- The patient must watch the bed rest;
- Antibiotics are prescribed - macrolide, fluorchinolone, cephalosporins;
- Preparations are selected that improve blood microcirculation in the pelvic organs. They provide the drainage of lymph and venous blood, which reduces the severity of the edema and the inflammatory process of the prostate.
- Orally, medicines from a group of non -steroidal anti -inflammatory drugs are shown. These drugs not only reduce the inflammatory process, but also eliminate pain syndrome.
- Analgetics - you can take tablets in it or insert rectal candles into the rectum.
- In order to eliminate the poisoning of the body, a physiological solution of sodium with glucose is prescribed intravenously.
Important! The prostate massage is strictly prohibited because the risk of seps is high.
Surgical treatment
Surgical intervention in prostatitis is only necessary if the patient develops a sharp delay in urine and there is no way to empty the bubble. You cannot do without surgery and in the event of an abscess of the prostate gland.
The treatment of prostatitis lasts 14 days, according to which the patient again carries out a comprehensive examination in order to evaluate the effectiveness of the therapy. If necessary, the course of treatment is extended and adapted.
Chronic treatment
The treatment of chronic prostatitis differs and largely depends on the stage of the course the pathological process is. When the inflammatory process is aggravated, the therapy is similar to acute prostatitis.
The treatment of chronic prostatitis during remission is as follows:
- The course intake of non -steroidal anti -inflammatory drugs. Present 2 times a day of at least 3 days, sometimes up to 5 days.
- Preparations that contribute to improving venous and lymphatic drainage.
- Immun modulators.
- Antidepressants and sedatives help to normalize sleep and to eliminate irritability.
- Polyvitamin complexes rich in zinc, selenium, vitamins of the group V.
In the phase of the remission of the inflammatory process of the prostate, the patient is shown physiotherapeutic treatment:
- Prostate massage;
- Ultrasonic;
- Electrophoresis;
- Magnetotherapy;
- Microwave hyperthermia.
Surgical treatment of chronic prostatitis
With neglected chronic prostatitis, the patient must sometimes be operated on. It can be carried out in two ways:
- Transurethral resection;
- Prostatectomy.
Transportetral resection
This method of surgical treatment refers to minimally invasive interventions, even though it is carried out under general anesthesia. During the procedure, a resectoscope under the urethra is introduced through which electrical current pulses are supplied. These electrical impulses act on the principle of an electrical noise and partially remove the tissue of the prostate. A large plus of this intervention method is the lack of blood loss, since the electrical waves not only remove the modified tissue of the prostate, but also treat blood vessels, which prevents bleeding.
The transurethral resection makes the patient's condition easier - after the operation, urination is restored, the man no longer burns in the crotch, he does not jump into the toilet at night. The erectile function and normal ejaculation are also restored. The entire process of the company is controlled by a doctor on the monitor screen, so that the risk of complications during operation or immediately after the minimal.
Prostate
Prostatectomy is a serious abdominal surgery and is always associated with risks for the patient. During the company, the doctor completely removes the prostate or most of it. The recovery phase is 4 to 6 weeks. There is a high risk of developing postoperative complications, but sometimes this method of surgical intervention is the only way to relieve the patient's condition and to eliminate the consequences of the severe course of prostatitis.
Other treatment methods of chronic prostatitis
Other methods for the treatment of a chronic form of prostatitis are:
- Hirudotherapy - or treatment with leeches. Medical leeches are installed in the inflammatory zone, which are released in the process of their actions with a saliva substance, which makes blood in order, which eliminates stagnating phenomena and quickly relieves the inflammatory process. Bleeding is only used for each individual patient. After the procedure, the doctor puts the used leech in a deey sail in which she dies. It is optimal to complete at least 5 hirudotherapy courses.
- Cryodestruction - liquid nitrogen is used. This treatment method is shown to patients who are difficult to participate in drug therapy, and the operation is contraindicated for some reason.
- Microwave therapy in a special way - electromagnetic waves influence the prostate. After 1 process, tissue edema decreases, the blood circulation is normalized and the stagnation is removed. After carrying out the course of electromagnetic therapy, the patient completely restores the urination and erectile function.
- Treatment with ultrasound waves - it enables you to quickly stop the inflammatory process occurring in the remission phase, and ultrasonic therapy is not carried out during exacerbation. In order to improve the therapeutic effect, medication can be used additionally that penetrate the tissue of the prostate directly under the influence of ultrasound.
- Urethra -stinging - The essence of the procedure is to install a special stent in the urethra, which expands the lumen of the urethra and promotes the normal discharge in the urine. Despite the effectiveness of the procedure, the stent of the urethra only eliminates the clinical symptoms of prostatitis, but does not save the patient from the chronic inflammatory process.
Consequences and complications
In the absence of qualified therapy, prostatitis develops quickly, goes into the chronic form of the current and threatens a man's health with his serious complications, including:
- Urolithiasis;
- Pyelonephritis;
- Abscess development;
- the spread of the inflammatory process on the testicles and sperm ropes, which leads to infertility;
- erectile dysfunction and impotence;
- Necrotic changes in the tissues of the prostate.
Sometimes prostatitis and chronic stagnating processes give an impetus for the degeneration of the disease to adenoma and then prostate cancer.